Application of Graphite Electrode in Electric Arc Furnace

Graphite Electrode, mainly using petroleum coke and needle coke as raw materials, coal tar pitch as a binder, is made by calcination, batching, kneading, pressing, roasting, graphitization, and machining. It is released in the form of an electric arc in an electric arc furnace. The conductors used for heating and melting the charge by electric energy can be classified into ordinary power, high power, and ultra-high power according to their quality indicators.

The main raw material for graphite electrode production is petroleum coke. Ordinary power graphite electrodes can be added with a small amount of pitch coke, and the sulfur content of petroleum coke and pitch coke can not exceed 0.5%. Needle coke is also needed when producing high-power or ultra-high-power graphite electrodes. The main raw material for aluminum anode production is petroleum coke, and the sulfur content should not exceed 1.5% to 2%. The petroleum coke and pitch coke should meet the relevant national quality standards

So, what kind of electric arc furnace can graphite electrodes be used for?

(1) For Electric Arc Steelmaking Furnace

Electric furnace steelmaking is a big user of graphite electrodes. The output of electric furnace steel in my country accounts for about 18% of the output of crude steel, and graphite electrodes for steelmaking account for 70% to 80% of the total consumption of graphite electrodes. Electric furnace steelmaking uses graphite electrodes to introduce current into the furnace and uses the high-temperature heat source generated by the arc between the electrode end and the charge for smelting.

(2) Used In Submerged Electric Arc Furnace

The submerged electric furnace is mainly used for the production of industrial silicon and yellow phosphorus. Its characteristic is that the lower part of the conductive electrode is buried in the charge to form an arc in the charge layer, and the heat energy from the resistance of the charge itself is used to heat the charge, which requires current High-density submerged electric furnaces need graphite electrodes. For example, about 100 kg of graphite electrodes are consumed for every 1 ton of silicon produced, and about 40 kg of graphite electrodes are consumed for every production of 1 ton of yellow phosphorus.

(3) For Resistance Furnace

Graphitization furnaces for the production of graphite products, melting furnaces for melting glass, and electric furnaces for the production of silicon carbide are all resistance furnaces. The materials in the furnace are both heating resistors and objects to be heated. Generally, conductive graphite electrodes are embedded at the end of the resistance furnace. In the furnace headwall of the part, the graphite electrode used here is discontinuously consumed.

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